Complete GS One-Shot Revision
SSC CGL Complete General Studies Revision Notes
Exhaustive high-yield revision notes extracted completely from exam revision carousels covering Indian History, Battles, Governor-Generals, Polity, Constitution Articles, and GK Facts.
1. 20 Important Articles of Indian Constitution
- Article 14 — Right to Equality
- Article 19 — Freedom of Speech and Expression
- Article 21 — Right to Life and Personal Liberty
- Article 32 — Constitutional Remedies
- Article 38 — Social order
- Article 39 — Equal pay for equal work
- Article 51A — Fundamental Duties
- Article 52 — President
- Article 74 — Council of Ministers
- Article 79 — Parliament
- Article 100 — Voting
- Article 105 — Privileges of Parliament
- Article 124 — Supreme Court
- Article 142 — Complete justice
- Article 153 — Governor of States
- Article 163 — Council of Ministers to Governor
- Article 213 — Ordinance by Governor
- Article 356 — President's Rule
- Article 368 — Amendment of Constitution
- Article 371 — Special provisions with respect to certain States
2. Governor-Generals & Viceroys of India
Evolution of the Office
- Governor of Bengal (1727) -Warren Hastings (first Governor of Bengal).
- Governor-General of Bengal (1773) -Warren Hastings (first Governor-General of Bengal).
- Governor-General of India (1833) -Lord William Bentinck (first Governor-General of India).
- Viceroy of India (1858) -Lrd Canning (first Viceroy of India).
SSC Must Remember Facts
- First Governor-General of Bengal: Warren Hastings (1773).
- First Governor-General of India: Lord William Bentinck (1833).
- First Viceroy: Lord Canning (1858)
- Last Viceroy: Lord Mountbatten (1947).
- Last Governor-General of independent India: C. Rajagopalachari (1948–1950).
Governor-Generals of India (1773 - 1858)
| No. | Name | Tenure | Important Events |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Warren Hastings | 1773-1785 | Regulating Act (1773), First Anglo-Maratha War, Impeached (1787) |
| 2 | Lord Cornwallis | 1786-1793 | Permanent Settlement (1793), Judicial reforms |
| 3 | Sir John Shore | 1793-1798 | Charter Act (1793), Revenue reforms |
| 4 | Lord Wellesley | 1798-1805 | Subsidiary Alliance, Second Anglo-Maratha War |
| 5 | Lord Minto I | 1807-1813 | Treaty of Amritsar (1809) |
| 6 | Lord Hastings | 1813-1823 | Gorkha War (1814-16), Bharatpur & Pindari campaigns |
| 7 | Lord Amherst | 1823-1828 | First Anglo-Burmese War, Assam annexation |
| 8 | Lord William Bentinck | 1828-1835 | Abolition of Sati, English education |
| 9 | Lord Auckland | 1836-1842 | First Afghan War, Annexation of Sindh |
| 10 | Lord Ellenborough | 1842-1844 | Second Anglo-Afghan War, Doctrine of Lapse (early steps) |
| 11 | Lord Hardinge I | 1844-1848 | First Anglo-Sikh War] |
| 12 | Lord Dalhousie | 1848-1856 | Railways, Post, Telegraph, Doctrine of Lapse, 1857 Revolt (end of his tenure) |
| 13 | Lord Canning | 1856-1858 | End of East India Company, Proclamation of 1858 |
Viceroys of India (1858 - 1947)
| No. | Name | Tenure | Important Events |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lord Canning | 1858-1862 | 1857 revolt, Proclamation of 1858 |
| 2 | Lord Elgin I | 1862-1863 | End of 1857 administration, Civil services reforms |
| 3 | Lord Lawrence | 1864-1869 | Struggle with tribes, Punjab administration |
| 4 | Lord Lytton | 1876-1880 | Delhi Durbar (1877), Vernacular Press Act |
| 5 | Lord Ripon | 1880-1884 | Local self-government, Ilbert Bill |
| 6 | Lord Dufferin | 1884-1888 | Indian National Congress (1885) |
| 7 | Lord Lansdowne | 1888-1894 | Partition of Bengal (1893), Indian Councils Act (1892) |
| 8 | Lord Elgin II | 1894-1899 | Anglo-Tibetan War, Famine (1896-97) |
| 9 | Lord Curzon | 1899-1905 | Delhi Durbar (1903), Partition of Bengal (1905) |
| 10 | Lord Minto II | 1905-1910 | Swadeshi movement, Morley-Minto Reforms (1909) |
| 11 | Lord Hardinge II | 1910-1916 | Delhi Coronation (1911), World War I |
| 12 | Lord Chelmsford | 1916-1921 | Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms (1919), Jallianwala Bagh (1919) |
| 13 | Lord Reading | 1921-1926 | Non-Cooperation movement, Simon Commission (1927) |
| 14 | Lord Irwin | 1926-1931 | Civil Disobedience Movement, Gandhi-Irwin Pact (1931) |
| 15 | Lord Willingdon | 1931-1936 | Round Table Conferences, Communal Award (1932) |
| 16 | Lord Linlithgow | 1936-1943 | Government of India Act (1935), Quit India movement (1942) |
| 17 | Lord Wavell | 1943-1947 | INA trial, Cabinet Mission (1946) |
| 18 | Lord Mountbatten | 1947 | Indian Independence, Partition |
3. All Important Battles of Indian History (Complete Timeline)
Ancient India Battles
- c. 14th cent. BCE: Battle of Ten Kings — Bharat vs 10 kings (Bharat's victory; Mentioned in Rig Veda)
- 326 BCE: Battle of Hydaspes — Alexander vs Porus (Porus won; Stopped Alexander's advance)
- 305-303 BCE: Seleucid-Mauryan War — Seleucus Nicator vs Chandragupta Maurya (Maurya's victory; Treaty, 500 elephants)
- 261 BCE: Kalinga War — Ashoka vs Kalinga (Ashoka's victory; Turned Ashoka to Buddhism)
- 618 CE: Narmada Conflict — Harsha vs Pulakeshin II (Pulakeshin II won; Check on Harsha's expansion)
- 618-619 CE: Pullalur Battle — Pallava vs Chalukya (Pallava victory; Chalukya advance stopped)
- 642 CE: Vatapi Battle — Pulakeshin II vs Narasimhavarman I (Pallava victory; Chalukya capital captured)
Medieval India Battles
- 1191: First Tarain — Prithviraj Chauhan vs Muhammad Ghori (Chauhan victory; End of Ghori's first invasion)
- 1192: Second Tarain — Prithviraj Chauhan vs Muhammad Ghori (Ghori victory; End of Rajput dominance)
- 1526: First Panipat — Babur vs Ibrahim Lodi (Babur victory; Foundation of Mughal Empire)
- 1527: Khanwa — Babur vs Rana Sanga (Babur victory; Rana Sanga defeated)
- 1528: Chanderi — Babur vs Medini Rai (Babur victory; Chanderi captured)
- 1529: Ghaghra — Humayun vs Afghan chiefs (Mughal victory; Afghans defeated)
- 1556: Second Panipat — Akbar vs Hemu (Akbar victory; End of Hemu's rule)
- 1565: Talikota — Vijayanagara vs Deccan Sultanates (Deccan Sultanates victory; End of Vijayanagara Empire)
- 1576: Haldighati — Maharana Pratap vs Akbar (Mughal victory; Pratap retreated, resistance continued)
- 1761: Third Panipat — Marathas vs Ahmad Shah Abdali (Maratha defeat; End of Maratha dominance)
Modern India Battles
- 1739: Karnal — Maratha vs Nadir Shah (Maratha defeat; End of Mughal power)
- 1741: Colachel — Maratha vs British (British victory; End of Maratha naval power)
- 1757: Plassey — Siraj-ud-Daulah vs British (British victory; British control in Bengal)
- 1760: Wandiwash — French vs British (British victory; End of French power)
- 1764: Buxar — Mughal + Awadh vs British (British victory; Diwani rights to East India Co.)
- 1767-1799: Anglo-Mysore Wars — Mysore vs British (British victory; End of Tipu Sultan's power)
- 1775-1818: Anglo-Maratha Wars — Marathas vs British (British victory; End of Maratha power)
- 1845-1849: Anglo-Sikh Wars — Sikh Empire vs British (British victory; Punjab annexed)
- 1839-1842, 1878-1880: Anglo-Afghan Wars — British vs Afghan (British failure; End of British control in Afghanistan)
- 1824-1826, 1852, 1885: Anglo-Burmese Wars — British vs Burma (British victory; Burma annexed)
- 1944: Imphal — Allies vs Japanese (Allied victory; Turning point in WWII / INA)
4. Important GK Facts (Complete Revision Carousel Data)
India - At A Glance
- Capital: New Delhi
- Largest State: Rajasthan
- Smallest State: Goa
- Largest UT: Ladakh
- Smallest UT: Lakshadweep
- National Animal: Bengal Tiger
- National Bird: Peacock
- National Flower: Lotus
- National Tree: Banyan
- National Song: Vande Mataram
- National Anthem: Jana Gana Mana
Indian Constitution Core Facts
- Enacted: 26 November 1949
- Effective: 26 January 1950
- Total Articles: 395
- Total Schedules: 12
- Original Language: English
- Current Language: Hindi & English
- Longest Article: Article 348
- Shortest Article: Article 1
- Amendments: 106 (till now)
World & Geography Facts
- Earth Day: 22 April
- World Population Day: 11 July
- World Literacy Day: 8 Sept
- Highest Peak: K2 (8611 m)
- Largest Island: Greenland
- Largest Ocean: Pacific Ocean
- Deepest Ocean Point: Challenger Deep (11034 m)
- Longest River: Nile (Africa)
- Coldest Place: Oymyakon (Russia)
- Hottest Place: Death Valley (USA)
Economy & Banking
- RBI HQ: Mumbai
- SBI HQ: Mumbai
- First Bank: Bank of Hindustan (1770)
- Nationalised Banks: 14 (1969 & 1980)
- GST: 1 July 2017
- Base Year (GDP): 2011-2012
Science & Technology
- ISRO HQ: Bengaluru
- First Satellite: Aryabhata (1975)
- Mangalyaan: 24 Sept 2014
- Chandrayaan-3: 14 July 2023
- National Science Day: 28 Feb
- National Technology Day: 11 May
Awards & Miscellaneous
- Bharat Ratna: Highest civilian
- Padma Awards: 4 categories
- Param Vir Chakra: Highest gallantry
- Currency: Indian Rupee
- Tiranga: Saffron, White, Green
- Jan Dhan Yojana: 2014